The effects of gut microbiota on appetite regulation and the underlying mechanisms

ABSTRACT
Appetite, a crucial aspect regulated by both the central nervous system and peripheral hormonesis infuenced by the composition and dynamics of the intestinal microbiota, as evidenced by recentresearch. This review highlights the role of intestinal microbiota in appetite regulation, elucidatingthe involvement of various pathways. Notably, the metabolites generated by intestinal microorganisms, including short-chain fatty acids, bile acids, and amino acid derivatives, play a pivotarole in this intricate process. Furthermore, intestinal microorganisms contribute to appetite regulation by modulating nutritional perception, neural signal transmission, and hormone secretionwithin the digestive system. Consequently, manipulating and modulating the intestinal microbiotarepresent innovative strategies for ameliorating appetite-related disorders. This paper providesa comprehensive review of the effects of gut microbes and their metabolites on the centranervous system and host appetite. By exploring their potential regulatory pathways and mechan.isms, this study aims to enhance our understanding of how qut microbes influence appetiteregulation in the host.